Researchers did a study of the health benefits of seaweed on our gut health, published in Science Direct (2025). Since two-thirds of seaweed consumed by humans are brown seaweed, laminaria and lundaria, the study focused on these species of seaweed.
Scientists is a good source of protein and the bioactive compound polyphenols.
Seaweed is also a good source of minerals- potassium, sodium, magnesium and calcium; and rich in vitamins B1, B2, C, E, and β-carotene. Varying by season and species, polysaccharide or fibre content of edible brown seaweeds reaches up to 70 %.
Generally, again depending on which brown seaweed species and the season, researchers found significant increase in Lactobacillus spp., decreased Escherichia coli, and increase in SCFAs (short chain fatty acids). Compounds in seaweed increase the production of SCFAs and influence glucose and lipid metabolism.
Another study published in Frontiers, bioactive components contained in seaweed mainly modulate the gut microbiota and gut barrier function by reversing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Bacteroides, Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, or decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria, such as Lachnospiraceae, Desulfovibrio, Lachnoclostridium.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464625000386
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1173225/full
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