The anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea (ANME) bacteria have drawn the attention of a broad scientific community for decades. Researchers found ANME bacteria catalyzes a reverse methanogenesis process, which many scientists believe could reduce methane gas emissions, one of the most potent of greenhouse gases, according to reports by the National Institute of Health (1).
ANME up to recent discoveries, novel physiological types of anaerobic methane oxidizers have been explored. The diversity, ecology and evolution of ANME-1 remain poorly understood, according to a 2023 Nature report (3). In this study, scientists recovered 13 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of ANME-1 in native and laboratory-incubated mineral samples.
Despite best efforts, ANME has not yet been cultivated in pure culture. Further advances in understanding this microbial process are hampered by insufficient amounts of enriched cultures (2).
1) https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5244752/
2) https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mmbr.00074-18#:~:text=Discovery%20of%20AOM,such%20a%20low%20energy%20yield.
3) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-022-01297-4
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