Melatonin plays a crucial role in regulating sleep through circadian rhythm modulation in humans and animals. Beyond its association with the pineal gland, it affects multiple organ systems, such as the gut-brain axis.
The November 27 2024 report in Nature, suggests melatonin may be a therapeutic agent for various dysbiosis-associated conditions due to how it affects the intestinal microbiota.
What happens during the dark periods of winter?
Apparently a particular strain of gut bacteria aids in the production of melatonin, especially during the winter months.
A few bacteria and fungi also have been shown to synthesize melatonin, first discovered in 1995 with R. rubrum, an organism estimated to be 2 to 3.5 billion years old, and Porphyrobacter (formerly Erythrobacter) longus. These bacteria produce significantly more melatonin during extended periods of darkness compared with light periods.
https://www.instagram.com/reel/DDOWASoRwmc/?igsh=NTI5NHlxcjhka3dr
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41522-024-00605-6
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